executing the death penalty essays

executing capital punishment articles The execution of the death penalty in the United States today has become a sometimes utilized intends to dissuade wrongdoing. Capital punishment was built up so as to rebuff the individuals who are blameworthy and to demoralize the individuals who mull over perpetrating intolerable violations from doing as such. Society has withdrew from its steady position on capital punishment since being bombarded with publicity that says the death penalty is remorseless and bizarre. A large portion of the wrongdoings submitted by the individuals who face execution can be recorded as either savage or surprising, however. Through examining the viability of prevention, the ineffectualness of life sentences, and the ethical quality of the death penalty, the criticalness of capital punishment can be appeared. Prevention alludes to the recommendation that executing killers will diminish the pace of crimes by causing potential killers not to perpetrate murder inspired by a paranoid fear of being executed themselves. The dread of discipline is sufficient to deter numerous individuals from taking outrageous activities. Since 1990, Harris County, a solitary region in Texas has had a bigger number of executions than some other region in any state in the United States, as indicated by David Bragdon, a Government/Pre-law major from North Carolina. During the period somewhere in the range of 1990 and 1995, Harris County has had a forty-eight percent drop in wrongdoing, the best lessening in the United States. In Harris County, the most elevated manslaughter rate was in 1981, one year before capital punishment was reestablished in Texas. This legitimately shows the execution of capital punishment corresponds with a drop in the crime rate(Guernsey,9). Prevention is viable when appropriately set up as a regular occurrence. Numerous individuals have contended that the expense of executing a detainee is higher than keeping him imprisoned forever. The yearly expense of imprisonment is $40,000 to $50,000 every year for detainees who are serving life terms without parole(Wekesser,2). Executing a detainee is substantially more expense ... <!

Elements Of Dance :: essays research papers

In the wake of perusing the present about inborn moves and services, I took in a great deal of fascinating things I never knew. I surmise the way that I haven’t taken a move class ever previously and wasn’t trained a lot about move in language structure school or secondary school, I was uninformed to how significant and how persuasive ceremonial moves are inside a general public.      Dancing is a movement that can be dated as far back as the Stone Age, when individuals originally existed on this planet. Not just that, ceremonial moves can be found in pretty much every culture today. In certain zones of the world, moving is a lifestyle. It very well may be utilized for an assortment of reasons, for example, Fertility ceremonies, Initiation customs, Rituals of the Hunt and Animals, Healing and memorial service ceremonies, and War and Weapon ceremonies.      Rituals are customary bunches of activities. They are performed generally to cast otherworldly spells and to impact divine beings and spirits. Ceremonies are additionally passed down from age to age.      The custom move that my gathering performed last Tuesday in class was titled War and Peace. It began savage with a serious battle scene and finished with everybody being breathed life into back and meeting up with the linkage our hands, speaking to harmony. With everything going on the planet at the present time, we thought it was a proper custom move to do in light of the fact that the purpose of it was to show how we should not kill one another. We should meet up, make sense of our disparities and make harmony. This custom would be viewed as a particular ceremony, which has a particular one-time reason. The reason clearly being the finish of the fear based oppression that’s going on and the anticipation of a war.      The other kind of custom the freebee discusses is a repetitive. A patterned is rehashed every year or season. A case of this would be a downpour move that a clan may do during a dry season when their harvests need water. I couldn't help suspecting that the other two ceremonial moves did in class were most likely cyclicals. They appeared as if they were moves that could be utilized again and again instead of our custom that made some one-memories reason.      Another intriguing actuality I discovered while perusing was the manner by which sound assumes such a pivotal job in a custom move. It said that the drummer is the principle music creator, and it is imagined that the divine beings are addressed, through drums.

Influence of “family” in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” Essay

Family in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein shows a bunch of jobs, affecting Victor Frankenstein and his creation. Victor’s youth sets up an association between the peruser and Victor, assembling his character. The beast is affected by the different scenes with the group of cottagers The relating of Victor’s youth combine the peruser to Victor, passing on his warmth for his family. â€Å"No individual could have passed a more joyful youth than myself†¦it was the insider facts if paradise and earth that I wanted to learn†(23). This nearby affinity justifies his extreme severe dislike for the beast. There is a responded requirement for help and care among Victor and his family. At the most degraded occasions, nothing â€Å"could have given [him] more noteworthy joy than the appearance of [his] father†(165), showing his requirement for help from his dad. Victor’s care for his family has an ever-enduring job in the novel. This is the thing that drives him towards obliterating his creation. At last, after becoming aware of the passing of William, and ensuing surrounding of Justine, â€Å"[he] was seized by regret and the feeling of blame, which rushed [him] away to a hellfire of exceptional torments, for example, no language can descr ibe†(74). It was this consideration for his family, which drove him to understand the requirement for his affirmation of the nearness of his creation, and stop its being. Comparable to the Frankenstein family’s effect on Victor, the group of cottagers impact the beast. Right off the bat, the beast tries to become like them, despite the fact that the cottagers live in inauspicious and shocking conditions, underlining on the beasts vomited circumstance. As per the beast, â€Å"they had an awesome house (for such it was in my eyes) everyâ luxury†¦and still more, they delighted in one another’s organization and speech†(95,96). This establishes a feeling of compassion for the beast, depicting him as inexperienced and guiltless. This compassion is increased when the beast doesn't fight back to Felix’s assaults. â€Å"I could have torn him appendage from limb†¦but my heart sank inside me†(120). The encounters with the cottagers venture the beasts generosity by passing on his consideration for them. â€Å"I found that in doing this I delivered torment on the cottagers, I abstained†(96). â€Å"I regularly took his tools†¦and brought home terminating adequate for the utilization of a few days†(96). The episodes with the family forcefully remark on keeps an eye on shallowness. While prior, others scorned and reprimanded the beast; Delacey, incapable to see the beast, acknowledges him. On hearing piece of the beasts circumstance, he reacts by saying that, â€Å"To be forlorn is without a doubt to be unfortunate†(118). This underscores on the point that others didn't acknowledge the beast simply because of his threatening appearance, and were reluctant to listen to him. While the Frankenstein family builds up an association between the peruser and Victor, encouraging sentiments of sympathy for his conditions, the group of cottagers do likewise for the beast. The issues dug into by the families are incalculable. While the Frankenstein family embodies the heaviness of keeping colleagues with friends and family, the group of cottagers uncover the shallowness of man, through the occurrence with Delacey and the beast. This adds another point to the novel by prompting compassion in the peruser for the beast. In this way, family in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein show a huge part, both in expansion of plot just as topic. Work refered to †Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York:Pathfinder, 1973.

Letter to the President Essay - 825 Words

Letter to the President (Article Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name:Professorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name:Course: Training and Development FieldDate: ÂÂÂLetter to the PresidentDear Mr. President,Thank you, Mr. President, for appointing me as the chairperson of the President's Council on Training and Development for Corporations in the United States. I am pleased to present you with a recommendation plan for training and development of businesses in our country, for you approval.These recommendations are to ensure that all enterprises, both in the private and public sector improve in both trainings and development in various dimensions. Mr. President, I wish to affirm that these plans are in alignment with your administrations strategy and policy on business training and development. I firmly believe that your approval on these recommendations will act as a new introduction to a world-competitive business environment boosting careers, job growth, and wealth prosperity of our beloved nation.In this letter, I ha ve outlined six important components for reflection that we consider fundamental to your business training and development strategy and policy: 1 Increase Training and Development Funding:In the last decade, many businessesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ funding for their training and development programs has been declining. Therefore, it has been impossible for the ventures to execute critical developmental agendas and meet their goals in employee training and development. In order for workers in various businesses in our country to remain at a competitive edge, firms should take developing their labor force seriously. They can demonstrate this seriousness through increment in the funding allocation for training and development programs. I firmly believe increase in business development funding will significantly influence change in the running and development of business, for the better, in the next ten years. 1 Training needs assessment:Firms should base their Programs for employee development on th e training and management development needs identified by training needs analysis. As a result, time and money resources devoted to education and development will be aligned to and achieve the core goals of the organizations. The rationale behind training and organizational development programs is to advance employee potential and organizational capabilities. When a business invests in developing the knowledge and dexterity of its workers, the outcome is a more productive and efficient workforce. Therefore, understanding employee-training need is critical as it determines their production potential. 1 Adoption of Employee Management/Leadership Development Training program:Forecast shows business in the USA has been growing at the rate of 4% per annum. Mr. President, since you came into office in the last four years, this trend has been consistent. We expect the creation of 25% new ventures in the whole of the USA if the growth continues at this rate. To make management employees rem ain competitive even as new enterprises open up, we should adopt a new approach to employee training. This new approach should consider empowering employees to become effective managers and leaders in the business world. Therefore, all companies should develop a program that incorporates Employee Business Management/Leadership training. Essentially, the result will be a United States with the world leading economy, benefitting of all Americans at large. 1 Employee Age Considerations:Training and management development programs need to consider that employees in the workplace are adult learners, for them to be effective. Adults need to know the purpose of undertaking particular training. They are self-directed, and they bring work-related experiences into learning-practice. In addition, they train with a problem-centered approach and are motivated to undertake training by both extrinsic and intrinsic motivators. Those involved in education and development of employees will need to lo ok at... Letter to the President Essay - 825 Words Letter to the President (Article Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name:Professorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name:Course: Training and Development FieldDate: ÂÂÂLetter to the PresidentDear Mr. President,Thank you, Mr. President, for appointing me as the chairperson of the President's Council on Training and Development for Corporations in the United States. I am pleased to present you with a recommendation plan for training and development of businesses in our country, for you approval.These recommendations are to ensure that all enterprises, both in the private and public sector improve in both trainings and development in various dimensions. Mr. President, I wish to affirm that these plans are in alignment with your administrations strategy and policy on business training and development. I firmly believe that your approval on these recommendations will act as a new introduction to a world-competitive business environment boosting careers, job growth, and wealth prosperity of our beloved nation.In this letter, I ha ve outlined six important components for reflection that we consider fundamental to your business training and development strategy and policy: 1 Increase Training and Development Funding:In the last decade, many businessesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ funding for their training and development programs has been declining. Therefore, it has been impossible for the ventures to execute critical developmental agendas and meet their goals in employee training and development. In order for workers in various businesses in our country to remain at a competitive edge, firms should take developing their labor force seriously. They can demonstrate this seriousness through increment in the funding allocation for training and development programs. I firmly believe increase in business development funding will significantly influence change in the running and development of business, for the better, in the next ten years. 1 Training needs assessment:Firms should base their Programs for employee development on th e training and management development needs identified by training needs analysis. As a result, time and money resources devoted to education and development will be aligned to and achieve the core goals of the organizations. The rationale behind training and organizational development programs is to advance employee potential and organizational capabilities. When a business invests in developing the knowledge and dexterity of its workers, the outcome is a more productive and efficient workforce. Therefore, understanding employee-training need is critical as it determines their production potential. 1 Adoption of Employee Management/Leadership Development Training program:Forecast shows business in the USA has been growing at the rate of 4% per annum. Mr. President, since you came into office in the last four years, this trend has been consistent. We expect the creation of 25% new ventures in the whole of the USA if the growth continues at this rate. To make management employees rem ain competitive even as new enterprises open up, we should adopt a new approach to employee training. This new approach should consider empowering employees to become effective managers and leaders in the business world. Therefore, all companies should develop a program that incorporates Employee Business Management/Leadership training. Essentially, the result will be a United States with the world leading economy, benefitting of all Americans at large. 1 Employee Age Considerations:Training and management development programs need to consider that employees in the workplace are adult learners, for them to be effective. Adults need to know the purpose of undertaking particular training. They are self-directed, and they bring work-related experiences into learning-practice. In addition, they train with a problem-centered approach and are motivated to undertake training by both extrinsic and intrinsic motivators. Those involved in education and development of employees will need to lo ok at...

Fangtooth Fish Facts

Fangtooth fish are part of family Anoplogastridae and mainly thrive in depths between 1,640 and 6,562 feet in temperate and tropical waters. Their genus scientific name, Anoplogaster, is derived from the Greek words meaning unarmed (anoplo) and stomach (gaster). Ironically, fangtooth fish don’t appear unarmed at all due to their disproportionately large jaws and sharp teeth. Fast Facts Scientific Name: Anoplogaster cornuta, Anoplogaster brachyceraCommon Names: Common fangtooth, ogrefish, shorthorn fangtoothOrder: BeryciformesBasic Animal Group: FishDistinguishing Characteristics: Lower jaw that extends outwards with long sharp teethSize: Up to 3 inches (Anoplogaster brachycera) and up to 6-7 inches (Anoplogaster cornuta)Weight: UnknownLife Span: UnknownDiet: Small fish, squid, crustaceansHabitat: In temperate/tropical waters in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans, and off the coast of Australia and the British IslesPopulation: Not documentedConservation Status: Least Concern Description The fangtooth is a small fish with a laterally compressed body. Despite their small size, fangtooths have large heads and disproportionately long sharp teeth. Two sockets have developed on the sides of their brains to make room for the teeth when their jaws close. Large teeth enable the fangtooth to kill fish much larger than itself. Common fangtooth, Anoplogaster cornuta, on ice. Anette Andersen/iStock/Getty Images Plus Fangtooth fish colors range from black to dark brown as adults and are light gray when young. Their bodies are covered with prickly scales and spines. They can be found at depths anywhere from 6 feet to 15,000 feet but are most commonly found between 1,640 and 6,562 feet. When fangtooth are young, they tend to live in shallower depths. Habitat and Distribution The common fangtooth is found around the world in temperate marine waters. This includes the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, appearing off the waters of Australia and from the central to Southern British Isles. The shorthorn fangtooth lives in tropical waters from the western Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico to the western Atlantic. Diet and Behavior The fangtooth is a carnivorous and highly mobile fish, feeding on small fish, shrimp, and squid. When they are young, they filter zooplankton from the water and migrate closer to the surface at night to feed on crustaceans. Adults either hunt alone or in schools. Unlike other predators that ambush their prey, fangtooth fish actively seek out food. Fangtooth Fish (Anoplogaster cornuta) close-up of head showing teeth, from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. David Shale / Getty Images Their large heads allow them to swallow most prey whole, eating fish one-third their size. When fangtooths’ mouths are full, they can not pump water over their gills as efficiently. Thus, they produce large gaps between their gills and use their pectoral fins to fan water over their gills from behind. To find prey, fangtooths have lateral lines along each side of their bodies, which are important for detecting changes in temperature and movements of potential prey. They also rely on contact chemoreception, where they find prey by bumping into them. Reproduction and Offspring Not much is known about fangtooth fish reproduction, but they generally reach reproductive maturity at 5 inches for the common fangtooth. From June to August, males will latch on to females with their jaws and fertilize the eggs the females release into the ocean. Fangtooth fish do not guard their eggs, so these young are on their own. As they grow, they descend to deeper depths. As larvae, they appear close to the surface and by the time they are adults, they may be swimming at depths of up to 15,000 feet. Overlapping of depth and habitats occurs across stages of maturity. Species Fangtooth (Anoplogaster cornuta), illustrated view of a deep sea fish with a small body and disproportionately large head, and large teeth. Dorling Kindersley/Getty Images There are two known species: Anoplogaster cornuta (the common fangtooth) and Anoplogaster brachycera (shorthorn fangtooth). Shorthorn fangtooth fish are even smaller than common fangtooth fish, reaching sizes of just short of 3 inches. They are most commonly found at depths between 1,640 and 6,500 feet. Conservation Status The common fangtooth is designated as least concern according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list, while the shorthorn fangtooth has not been assessed by the IUCN. Due to their appearance, they do not have any commercial value. Sources Baidya, Sankalan. 20 Interesting Fangtooth Facts. Facts Legend, 2014, https://factslegend.org/20-interesting-fangtooth-facts/. Common Fangtooth. British Sea Fishing, https://britishseafishing.co.uk/common-fangtooth/.Common Fangtooth. Oceana, https://oceana.org/marine-life/ocean-fishes/common-fangtooth.ï » ¿Iwamoto, T. Anoplogaster Cornuta. The IUCN Red List Of Threatened Species, 2015, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18123960/21910070#population.Malhotra, Rishi. Anoplogaster Cornuta. Animal Diversity Web, 2011, https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Anoplogaster_cornuta/.McGrouther, Mark. Fangtooth, Anoplogaster Cornuta (Valenciennes, 1833). The Australian Museum, 2019, https://australianmuseum.net.au/learn/animals/fishes/fangtooth-anoplogaster-cornuta-valenciennes-1833/.

Stackelberg Game for Joint Power and Bandwidth Allocations...

Amplify and forward cooperative communication scheme is modeled using Stackelberg market framework, where a relay is willing to sell its resources; power and bandwidth to multi-user in the system in order to maximize its revenue. The relay determines the prices for relaying users’ information depending on its available resources and the users’ demands. Subsequently, each user maximizes its own utility function by determining the optimum power and the optimum bandwidth to buy from the relay. The utility function of the user is formulated as a joint concave function of the power and the bandwidth. The existence and the uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium is investigated using the exact potential game associated with the proposed utility†¦show more content†¦The relay re-encodes the decoded message and then forwards it to the destination node [5]–[7]. The authors in [3], developed performance characterizations in terms of the outage events and the associated outage probabilities. The average symbol error probability (SEP) of cooperative system is used to analyze the performance for various systems and channel models [7]. Single and multiple relay selection were investigated, and several SNR sub-optimum multiple relay selection schemes with linear complexity in the number of the relays were proposed in [8]. Game theory is a powerful tool to study interaction among self interested users, it is most used in economics, operations research, political science, etc. [9]. In communication systems and networks game theory has been recently used extensively to model routing, flow control and power control in up-link CDMA systems, etc. [10]– [14]. Conditions for the existence and the uniqueness of an equilibrium for these models are investigated using the characteristics of the utility function (i.e., quasi-concave utility function guarantees the existence of Nash equilibrium [15], the set of pure Nash equilibria of a S-modular game is always non-empty, and the Nash set has a largest and smallest element [16]. Every finite potential game admits at least one Nash equilibrium, whereas for infinite potential games, sufficient

Management Of Lenovo Organization Free Sample

Question: Brief discussion about Lenovo and its vision, mission, strategies? Answer: Intoduction This report is having a brief discussion about Lenovo and its vision, mission, strategies. There is also a discussion about the leadership style adopted in Lenovo, different communication strategy used in Lenovo. Organizational culture of Lenovo is also discussed with the help of five P's i.e. Plan, perform, prioritize, practice and pioneer. The main focus point of this report is organizational culture and different types of communication which is used within Lenovo premises. This report shows how Lenovo deals with their employees and customers. There is a description of Lenovo vision and mission on which they work (Lenovo.com, 2015). About Lenovo Lenovo is worldwide famous company of its innovative PCs, mobile and internet devices. Among 500 famous companies in technological products manufacturing Lenovo is one of the largest companies in PC retailing and 4th ranked in smart phones section (Russellreynolds.com, 2015). Lenovo has an older history but it came into existence in 2004.The main focus of Lenovo is to deliver their customers what they want in technology, appearance of any electronic product. Lenovo is a company which works taking into consideration their employees, as well as their customers (Lenovo.com, 2015). Lenovo always focuses on innovation i.e. every product of Lenovo is having some changes in comparison of other product. The value on which Lenovo works is innovation i.e. Lenovo likes innovating their product as per present market requirement and their customers' needs and demand (Russellreynolds.com, 2015). Lenovo after getting great success in Chinese electronic market decided to expand their business in Asi an, European and American electronic markets (Agtmael, 2007).Every product of Lenovo produces different revenue of percentage which helps in company's profit income. Lenovo performance varies in every region i.e. the profit share of Lenovo in China is different from profit share of it's in Asia Pacific. Figure1: Lenovo PC share in 4 different regions Figure 1 shows the performance of Lenovo in different regions i.e. the Lenovo performance geography. In the above diagram EMEA stands for Europe Middle East Africa, AP is Asia Pacific, and AG is America. Lenovo performance vary in all these region has their customer choice, needs and demand depend on geographical factor. According to the report An exciting notebook: The Lenovo T440s [From the Screen of Stone], 2014) Lenovo in the end of financial year( FY) 2013 have highest market share in all the four geographical areas as Asia Pacific, Europe Middle East Africa and China. Figure 1 shows the market share of Lenovo PCs in the financial year (FY) in 2013 and 2014. Figure 2: Revenue of Lenovo Figure 2 shows the total revenue of Lenovo in the financial year 2012, 2013 and 2014. The revenue generated by Lenovo is calculated by taking into consideration all the products profit share and market share in four regions (An exciting notebook: The Lenovo T440s [From the Screen of Stone], 2014). Figure 2 shows total revenue of Lenovo in different market. Figure 3: Lenovo revenue from different products Figure 3 represents the revenue generated by Lenovo in their different products sections. According to ((Anon, 2015)) Lenovo in fiscal year 2013-14 attained good growth in shipment of PCs and mobile devices. The revenue generated by Lenovo all products are different from each other. By the above diagram, it is clear that the highest revenue generated is by Lenovo notebook and their desktops. Lenovo Background, description of Lenovo Mission, Vision and strategies Lenovo is a multinational company Chinese based who manufactures computer technology related products like PCs, tablets, smartphones, smart TV, workstations, computer servers, different computer related software, notebook, note PAD and etc(Russellreynolds.com, 2015). The main products manufactured by Lenovo are electronic and computer related software as well as hardware. Lenovo was founded in 1984 by Liu Chuanzhi in China but after few years company become worldwide famous for its electronic and computer products. Recently by a survey (BIEDIGER et al., 2005) it was found that Lenovo is the first, and the largest company in PC selling more in than 160 countries Lenovo have their customers. The main focus of Lenovo for their business is innovation. According to Chianasat and Wijaya (n.d.), the electronic or computer products are developed by them are always having something new which their customer will appreciate and like using. The plus point which makes Lenovo different from other same field companies is their innovation strategy, excellence in their operational, their strong channel of working and the brand image (BIEDIGER et al., 2005). The competitors present in the market of Lenovo are Apple Inc., Samsung Electronics Co., Sony Corporation, HP, Dell Inc. etc., (De Waal, 2011).Lenovo has a strong bonding with their enterprise customers and business partners which help in getting success to them. Mission statement of Lenovo defines their objective and aim for which they work. The main motive of Lenovo is to achieve the highest rank in computer technology field. Mission statement represents the goals of Lenovo, principle on which Lenovo works to achieve their objective and aim (lenbrzozowski, 2012). Mission statement of Lenovo aims to show their customers what they plan to achieve and what they have aimed to take into consideration their customers (Chianasta and Wijaya, n.d.). While deciding mission statement, Lenovo always considers their customers feedback. Vision statement of Lenovo represents their future planning to their customers. Vision statement is based on long term planning for achieving success. Vision statement helps their customer know how they are working i.e. their organizational culture and strategies which will be adopted by Lenovo to fulfill their customers demand and needs (De Waal, 2011). Vision statement of Lenovo shows that they have planned to develop more electronic and computer products which people will like buying. Every product of Lenovo will be new in technology and appearance so that people are automatically influenced to buy their product (De Waal, 2012). Lenovo has also decided to work according to their customers demand and needs. Lenovo has adopted different strategies for marketing, promoting, advertising their products. As per the market requirement all these strategies will be planned, every market have different practice and culture (lenbrzozowski, 2012). Lenovo always focuses on innovation i.e. they try to make changes in their every new product in comparison of old products and other competitors' product. Mission, vision, and strategies are decided by every organization prior to their working (Haberberg and Rieple, 2001). This helps in planning further planning i.e. how to implement strategies for achieving their decided objective and aim. Leadership style in Lenovo According to De Waal (2012), the leadership style followed in Lenovo is not selfish i.e. the leaders of the company do not only focus on company's profit but they also think about their people (employees, customers, stakeholders etc) who are connected with Lenovo (IBM Redbooks., 2014). As per the leadership style of Gerry Smith, while making innovations in their products, Lenovo analyze their customers' requirement and needs with prioritization. On the other hand, while making changes in house i.e. in company's policies or practice they think about their employees' welfare. There is an incident which describes the unselfishness nature of Lenovo (lenbrzozowski, 2012) leaders is as the company once has earned a profit which he decided to distribute among the junior level employees which impacted the working environment in positive nature i.e. employees felt that they are the part of organization and on the other hand junior level employees were motivated to perform better than their pr evious performance (An exciting notebook: The Lenovo T440s [From the Screen of Stone], 2014). As per the leadership style of Gerry Smith, Lenovo leaders believes in achieving success by motivating everyone to perform in a team not individually for achieving goal (IBM Redbooks., 2014). The organization is motivating their employees by giving different rewards or bonus and other facilities. Lenovo Leaders also believe the leadership style of Gerry Smith, who says there needs to create a situation or condition which influence them to work rather than forcing them for working. The situation will help them to find a best solution for the problem which will automatically help organization. According to HQAsia (2015), Lenovo working style and leadership style is different from other Chinese organization which is the reason for success of Lenovo in such a short period. According to Gerry Smith, leader in any organization are the people or group of people who influence or motivate other subo rdinates to work according to the principles of the organization (Russellreynolds.com, 2015). Moreover, Gerry Smith also believes that leaders also help the organization in achieving their aim and objectives whether it is long term objective or short term objective (Small Business - Chron.com, 2015). Leaders' good coordination with their subordinates makes Lenovo achieves a benchmark in electronic and computer technology field. Figure4: Leadership challenges in Lenovo There are different challenges which company leaders has to face today that is described in figure 4 (Glassdoor, 2015). Challenges faced by the different leader of Lenovo due to; Board composition Succession Planning Executive Recruitment External and internal talent benchmarking Evaluation and assessment of organizational culture Intercultural or multi culture integration program. Every organization has to undergo the process of succession planning, recruitment and selection of junior level, senior level and executive level(Yin et al., 2008). While planning these programs leaders of Lenovo has to consider their internal and external factors i.e. organizational culture, working style, working environment, requirement of the company in relation to technology, skills etc. Communication strategy followed in Lenovo The communication styles which are used in Lenovo are formal communication and interpersonal communication. Communication is used for interchanging the ideas, views with each other. For a proper communication there should be a sender who speaks, a receiver which listens to speaker and the main part is feedback which is given at the last of communication (Wave Sicherheitstechnologie fr Lenovo-Computer, 2012). Formal communication usually happens in offices or among professional where both speaker and listen are from the same profession or different. Formal communication in Lenovo Formal communication in Lenovo is done for exchanging official information among the profession. For example suppose in Lenovo Manger of technical team wants to convey his subordinates a message then the communication process used by him will be formal (Tzeng, 2011). The flow of information is from upward to downward i.e. from higher level managers to junior level manager or employees or vice versa. Figure 5: Types of formal communication done in Lenovo The flow of information in formal communication is in controlled manner i.e. no personal information can be exchanged. Lenovo performs formal communication in different from like written and verbally or oral. As explained in figure 5 the written message can be conveyed in the form of letters, electronic mail, blog, notices, bulletins, memos etc. The verbal, formal communication is done by presentations, speeches, conferences etc(An exciting notebook: The Lenovo T440s [From the Screen of Stone], 2014). The controlled flow of information makes formal communication a hurdle free communication (Teasley, 2010). Formal communication in Lenovo is used to make a proper channel-based communication by which information is exchanged with everyone. Figure 6: Formal communication in Lenovo Formal communication can be done in Lenovo by the help of presentation, documentation or in any other written form. In Lenovo formal communication is two ways upward and downward i.e. when top level managers have to convey their message to down level employees the message convey instructions, directives, policies and working practices but on the other hand, when low-level employees send any message to top level manager it is information regarding work or organization (IBM Redbooks., 2014). Formal communication in Lenovo is done to pass their policies and practices details to everyone. For example, CEO of Lenovo has to transfer any information regarding their new policies or any changes in policies regarding their employees then the flow of information will be from upward to downward without any breakage of information so that every level of employees receives the same information (Stone, 2010). So this flow of information is formal communication style of Lenovo. Interpersonal communication in LenovoInterpersonal communication is the interchanging process of information among two or more people in Lenovo. When directly or indirectly two or group of people is exchanging their views or thoughts it is interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication can upward, downward, horizontal and peer to peer (IBM Redbooks., 2014). For example, suppose two or group of twenty junior level employees are exchanging their views and thoughts regarding their work, this interchange process of information are interpersonal communication (Jurevicius, 2015). Interpersonal communication can be done by electronic device or social networking or face to face verbally (Small Business - Chron.com, 2015). Interpersonal communication helps people know each other (Sharma, 2010). When peers have interpersonal communication among themselves that help to build good coordination and strengthen their communication. Interpersonal communication helps in building teamwork an d coordination among the employees of Lenovo. Now days Lenovo organization has adopted a new technique for advertising i.e. social media. Lenovo believes in adoption strategy i.e. making changes and accepting the new thing properly. It is found in a survey (Haberberg and Rieple, 2001) that people are more believing on advertisement which is shown on social networking sites like Facebook etc, in comparison of television or hoarding method. Lenovo is having a separate department of social networking advertisement whose responsibility is to update the technology and advertisement on different social media. According to Lenovo (HQAsia, 2015) customer beliefs regarding advertisement style has been changed i.e. from television, hoarding method to social media advertisement. Lenovo adopted social media promotion and advertisement method for their new product and services so that everyone worldwide com to know about their product easily and completely. Organizational culture of Lenovo Organizational culture represents the way or style of working of Lenovo. Organizational culture shows their customers how Lenovo works daily and also there planning for achieving their objective and aims (Russellreynolds.com, 2015). The main focus of Lenovo organizational culture is based on five P's which are as mentioned below: P Plan P Perform P Prioritize P Practice P Pioneer Every P is having their own important and responsibility in Lenovo culture. First p stand for plan before starting any new task Lenovo decides their target, aim for which they will work. Planning helps Lenovo employees work step by step by which working environment will always be motivational for other subordinates. If Lenovo managers or senior level employees do not plan working process, then the subordinates will be unaware of their roles and responsibilities which can affect the profit of Lenovo (IBM Redbooks., 2014). The second P stand for performing i.e. as per the planning every employee will be given a set of responsibilities which will help in achieving objective as a team. Responsibilities should be distributed to everyone according to their skills and knowledge which have to examine by leaders of the team. Third P stand for Prioritize which explains every employee of Lenovo whether it is the senior level or junior level that they should work in a team considering their orga nization profit or their individual profit first. Priority list has to be discussed by leader or manager with their subordinates before beginning their work so that they work for Lenovo or their individual profit (Rossouw, 2005). Fourth P explains the practice which is performed in Lenovo by their employees. The practice or process, which group or team of Lenovo performs to achieve the common goal to increase Lenovo profit. Last P explains the pioneering process i.e. Lenovo welcomes the new ideas by their employees regarding their task which they are doing (Jurevicius, 2015). Lenovo believes in new ideas or innovation whether it is in their products or in-house policies. Lenovo culture defines the way of working for their customers and employees. Lenovo culture has helped them to achieve success in their field and win several award for their product and services (Kaul, 2012). Lenovo works for their people, and the people are their employees and their customers. By giving their employees different rewards for their performance they motivate them to work better and think creatively. Lenovo creates policies and practices which help in welfare of their employees. Lenovo always focuses on innovation which their customers want in their computer product and services (lenbrzozowski, 2012). Lenovo biggest strength is their innovation which they always do as per requirement of their customers and electronic market. Lenovo policies motivate their employees to perform in a team and sharpen their skills, knowledge. Conclusion The report is having a brief discussion about their mission, vision, strategies, leadership style, communication style or channel and the organizational culture of Lenovo. Lenovo is one of the fastest grown Chinese multinational Company. The main products of Lenovo are PCs, notebook, tablets, mobile devices, servers and other electronic and computer software and hardware. Lenovo mainly uses the formal and interpersonal communication method of communication for proper flow of information (Lenovo.com, 2015). The main reason Lenovo uses formal and interpersonal communications are as mentioned below: To maintain roles and responsibilities of all employees' i.e. senior level, lower level, and others. To continue a proper and clear communication inside the organization premises. To maintain a proper communication among top level, middle level, and low-level employees. To maintain a proper and clear flow of information. Helps in communicating information to everyone within the organization. The importance of five P's in Lenovo in relation to their culture is explained. The importance of communication and organizational culture in Lenovo is also explained here. References: Agtmael, A. (2007). The emerging markets century, New York: Free Press. An exciting notebook: The Lenovo T440s [From the Screen of Stone]. (2014). IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., 56(5), pp.206-209 Anon, (2015) [online] Available at: https://www.lenovo.com/ww/lenovo/pdf/report/E_099220140529a.pdf [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015] BIEDIGER, J., DECICCO, T., GREEN, T., HOFFMAN, G., LEI, D., MAHADEVAN, K., OJEDA, J., SLOCUM, J. and WARD, K. (2005) Strategic Action at Lenovo, Organizational Dynamics, 34(1), pp.89-102 Chianasta, F. and Wijaya, S. (n.d.) The Impact of Marketing Promotion Through Social Media on People's Buying Decision of Lenovo in Internet Era: A Survey of Social Media Users in Indonesia. SSRN Journal, p 22 -55 De Waal, A. (2011). Characteristics of high performance organisations. BMS, 3(1) De Waal, A. (2012). Characteristics of High Performance Organisations. jmr, 4(4). Glassdoor, (2015). Lenovo Employee Benefits and Perks. [online] Available at: https://www.glassdoor.com/Benefits/Lenovo-US-Benefits-EI_IE8034.0,6_IL.7,9_IN1.htm#BenefitComments [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015]. Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. (2001). The strategic management of organisations. New York: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. HQAsia, (2015). Leadership lessons from Lenovo. [online] Available at: https://hqasia.org/article/leadership-lessons-lenovo [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015]. Ibm Redbooks., (2014). Flex system products and technology by lenovo. [S.l.]: Vervante. Jurevicius, O. (2015). Lenovo mission statement 2013 | Strategic Management Insight. [online] Strategicmanagementinsight.com. Available at: https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/mission-statements/lenovo-mission-statement.html [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015]. Kaul, A. (2012). Doing the act: Lenovo and corporate reputation. Em Mkts Case Studies, 2(8), pp.1-16. lenbrzozowski, (2012). Unselfish Leadership at Lenovo. [online] Available at: https://lenbrzozowski.wordpress.com/2012/08/08/powerful-leadership-action/ [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015]. Lenovo.com, (2015). Lenovo - Sustainability reports. [online] Available at: https://www.lenovo.com/social_responsibility/us/en/sustainability_reports.html [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015]. Rossouw, G. (2005). Institutionalising Ethics in Organisations. LBS Management Review, 9(1). Russellreynolds.com, (2015). Supply Chain and Operations LeadershipGerry Smith. [online] Available at: https://www.russellreynolds.com/content/supply-chain-and-operations-leadership%E2%80%94gerry-smith [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015]. sharma, R. (2010). Preventing Corruption Through Spiritual Leadership in Organisations. Organization and Management, 2010(1 (139). Small Business - Chron.com, (2015). What Is the Use of a Mission Statement?. [online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/use-mission-statement-24940.html [Accessed 5 Mar. 2015]. Stone, W. (2010). Living with the Lenovo ThinkPad T410 [From the Screen of Stone. IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., 52(3), pp.136-141. Teasley, H. (2010). Ahead of Its Time: Lenovo Ideapad Y560D. IEEE Spectr., 47(11), pp.27-27. Tzeng, C. (2011). An evolutionary-institutional framework for the growth of an indigenous technology firm: The case of Lenovo computer. Technology in Society. Wave Sicherheitstechnologie fr Lenovo-Computer. (2012). Datenschutz Datensich, 36(10), pp.783-783. Yin, Y., Holland, R., Qin, S. and Wu, W. (2008). Development of a Customer Experience-Based Brand Strategy for the Lenovo Group to Explore the UK Market. Design Management Journal, 3(1), pp.60-68.

Persepolis Essay Example

Persepolis Paper Effects of Violence on Marli Although violence is intended to harm someone, there can be positive effects in certain situations. In MarJane Satrapis personal memoir, Persepolis, it is shown that Marli is exposed toa large amount of violence in her life, and in turn, it has affected her in many ways. The negative effect on her life include the emotional scarring that entails deaths from violence and also her increased violent tendencies. A positive effect of violence on MarJis adolescence is that she becomes more mature and is able to stand up for herself. MarJis exposure to the difficult times around her define ho she is as an individual, how she behaves, and how she matures. As a child is growing up, the people around them affect them greatly, and the violence around Marli and her life is emotionally scarring to her. Her Uncle Anoosh was executed for being a Russian spy, and she cared for him greatly. After she receives the news, she is visited by her image of God, and during this brief appearance she shouts at him, saying, Shut up, you! Get out of my life!!! I never want to see you again! (Satrapi 70). We will write a custom essay sample on Persepolis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Persepolis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Persepolis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This quote is quite strong for MarJi; it is shouted in a iolent manner that is fairly unusual for her. She is very torn up about the situation that is at hand, which in itself is aggressive, and she is trying to cope. Usually this God is a comforting friend, a figment of her imagination that she created to try to understand the world around her. In this case, she feels that it is his fault that her uncle was executed. She tells him to leave because she doesnt trust him, especially since she is in a unstable, mourning condition. In the image Marli is standing on her bed, pointing to guide God to leave her. God looks sad or disappointed, but almost ike he expected it, and is accepting of his banishment, which could translate to him feeling guilty about the situation. The blackened background gives the impression that the main idea is her and God and also that she is starting to feel lost in her sadness and the enormity of the fact at hand. The way she is standing on the bed gives her power when she is possibly weak, making her seem taller and steadier. Another more graphic case of violence in MarJis life was the bombing near her house. Her neighbors house was bombed, and it is inferred that they were killed. After seeing what she believes is a hand, she explains, No scream in the world could have relieved my suffering and my anger (Satrapi 142). She was friends with her neighbor and is very difficult to have such a harsh visual in front of her. It was especially traumatizing for Marli because it was so close to her home and she must have thought of the possibility of that being her family. The panel for this phrase is just darkness, which expresses MarJis grief and her emotions clouding her thinking. She cant think of anything other than mute blackness because of the shock she feels. In both of these situations, someone close to Marli has been brutally killed, whether it be by assassination or bombing. Marli has been through a lot in her life, but deaths like this will stay with her forever and affect the weight of her memories. Prolonged exposure to certain behaviors can lead to slight mirroring of these habits which applies to Marli and her violent tendencies. She is susceptible to the of being fierce, threatening, and occasionally rude. For example, when Marli is very young, she hears that her friend Ramins father killed thousands of people, and creates a plan to punish him. She explains that her idea was to put nails between our fingers like American brass knuckles and to attack Ramin (Satrapi 45). Marli clarifies that she got the idea from hearing about American brass knuckles, something that should not be conveyed to young children. She came to the conclusion that Ramin should be punished very easily, only discovering it from word of mouth. According to Ramin, his father only killed evil communists. Based on this information, it can be inferred that Marli acted severely and irrationally, and effect of her exposure to the issues around her. In the image, Marli and a few of her friends re stomping through the streets, looking for Ramin, who is hiding behind a tree, looking very scared. The expression MarJis face and her stance is very similar to the panels that show protests and demonstrations. The tree that Ramin is hiding behind has only a single leaf on its otherwise bare branches, which could show the lack of protection Ramin has. Marli is very strong willed and opinionated and this is shown through her actions, such as when she is influenced by violence and destruction around her. After she learns that Iraqi bombs were dropped on Tehran, she reacts uickly, exclaiming, The Iraqis have always been our enemies. They want to invade us We have to bomb Baghdad! (Satrapi 81-2). Marli has been exposed to the bombings around her and she immediately wants to respond in a negative way, by fighting fire with fire. For an adolescent, these are strong topics to be dealing with and her voice on the matter is very aggressive. She is very adamant about the decisions she makes, even if she doesnt know all the information. Marli has a habit of being determined about a subject to show confidence and it also works to cover he fact that she might not know all the information. In both these images, Marli is angry and she seems to look like she believes that these behaviors are the obvious answers. She is very strong in her posture and she is defying her father in the first image, showing that she believes she is right and needs to show him that. In the second image, she is saying it in a matter of fact tone, and she has her feet on the table, a symbol of rebellion and confidence. She thinks that she knows they answer and wants to be strong willed about it. Although violence has a negative connotation, it does have the positive effect of ausing Marli to mature and act older than her true age. Ever since she was young, Marli has been fairly independent and opinionated. In her school life, she has talked back to her teachers multiple times. For example, when she wears her bracelet after a warning from the principal, she exclaims, With all the Jewelry you steal from us, you must be making a pile of money (Satrapi 143). This response is followed by Marli hitting the principal and being expelled. This may seem like a bad thing for MarJi, and it is, but it also shows her willingness to stand up for what she believes in. She showed that she is confident and doesnt want to listen to authority figures with whom she doesnt agree. She is an independent young women and her ability to stand up for herself will be useful as she grows up. I think MarJis expression in this panel is key. She looks angry, surprised, and almost disgusted. She knows what she believes is right and she doesnt want anyone to tell her otherwise. The principal is which almost Justifies MarJis action to hit her. Afterward, she apologizes to the principal, because of her natural instinct to try to lessen the severity of a situation. I hink she acts irrationally in this instance because she has learned that in dangerous or violent situations, she needs to act in a way that exerts her confidence and dominance. I believe that the formation of these behaviors is due to Marli toughening her personality to deal with the brutality surrounding her. Another example of MarJis maturing behavior is the cigarette she smokes. As she tried her first one, she said With this first cigarette, I kissed my childhood goodbye (Satrapi 117). She was using the cigarette as an act of rebellion against her moms dictatorship, but this is eflected with the executions of the regimes oppositions and the violence around her in general. Marli feels the need to rebel because she sees her mother as the dictator of the household and rebelling against her is correlated with rebelling against the revolution. It is well know that cigarettes are incredibly destructive to your health and they represent the violence to which Marli is exposed. She sees this act as her development into a grown-up. Being mature in her society is necessary because otherwise it is difficult to support yourself. As it turns out, Marli had to move away rom her family so her independence and growth will help her in her new life. In the final panel, where she dismisses her childhood, Marli looks confident and sure of herself and her decisions. The black background shows that this is an intense situation and all the attention should be focused on Marli and her actions. In the panel before, Marli was crying due to the cigarette but also due to the ideas entailed with smoking a cigarette and the loss of her childhood. She stopped crying for the last panel to show that she isnt afraid and she is ready for what adulthood could try o throw at her. In conclusion, violence has both negative and positive effects on MarJi. There is expected emotional scarring from the visual violence around her and as an individual, she develops a few violent behaviors. On the other hand, Marli has become more independent and grown-up, almost forcefully, from her exposure to the violence around her. Marli was living in a life surrounded by turmoil and destruction and she had nearly no choice but to endure the difficulties around her and work through them, leading to her growth into a stronger individual.

A Comparative Study In Selected Postcolonial Plays English Literature Essay Essay Example

A Comparative Study In Selected Postcolonial Plays English Literature Essay Essay Example A Comparative Study In Selected Postcolonial Plays English Literature Essay Paper A Comparative Study In Selected Postcolonial Plays English Literature Essay Paper A Proposal The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Footings defines postcolonial literature as a class devised to replace and spread out upon what was one time called Commonwealth Literature. As a label, it therefore covers a really broad scope of Hagiographas from states that were one time settlements or dependences of the European powers. In pattern, the term is applied most frequently to Hagiographas from Africa, the Indian sub-continent, the Caribbean, and other parts whose histories during the twentieth century are marked by colonialism, anti-colonial motions, and subsequent passages to post-Independence society. Critical attending to this big organic structure of work in academic contexts is frequently influenced by a distinguishable school of postcolonial theory which developed in the 1980s and 1990s, under the influence of Edward W. Said s landmark survey Orientalism ( 1978 ) . Postcolonial theory considers vexed cultural-political inquiries of national and cultural individuality, ‘otherness , race, imperialism, and linguistic communication, during and after the colonial periods. The chief figures of postcolonial theory after Said have been Gayatri C. Spivak and Homi K. Bhabha. The ‘post clearly refers to and connote a period ‘after colonialism and in this rigorous actual sense the object of postcolonial surveies is the historical period of the late 20th century as the European imperiums of the 19th and early 20th century broke up and former settlements achieved their political independency. Drama is one of the oldest and most extremely regarded literary signifiers. Like other signifiers of literature, it can be used a vehicle for showing complex ideas and attitudes. Postcolonial authors used play and the theatre non simply as a dramatic public presentation. However, postcolonial theater is public presentation staged as an act of resistanceto colonialism and its effects. In add-on to reviewing cultural ambiguities and injury of imperialism, postcolonial theatre Acts of the Apostless as a vehicle for precontact community care and for cultural transmutation. Postcolonial theatre takes a figure of signifiers, runing from the reworking of classics, ritual, history, storytelling, and the community-based public presentation. The colonised topic is characterized as ‘other as a agency of set uping the binaryseparation of the coloniser and colonized and asseverating the naturalness and primacy of the colonizing civilization and universe position. In postcolonial theory, it can mention to the colonized others who are marginalized by imperial discourse, identified by their difference from the Centre and, possibly crucially, go the focal point of awaited command by the imperial ‘ego . The term â€Å"othering† was coined by Gayatri Spivak for the procedure by which imperial discourse creates its ‘others . This thesis attempts to follow the usage of play by a choice of postcolonial playwrights who wrote in English and in Arabic to stand for the self/other or the colonizer/colonized dialectic. The authors selected are of the most celebrated in modern postcolonial literature whose plants are among its landmarks. The thesis besides attempts to demo how those different playwrights used this genre to show the self/other dialectic and what are the countries of resemblance/difference among them. The thesis falls into an debut, three chapters and a decision. Chapter One is an Introduction divided into two subdivisions. Section one attempts to specify postcolonial literature and sheds visible radiation on critics who are the innovators of this subject, viz. Edward Said, Gayatri C. Spivak, and Home K. Bhabha concentrating on the construct of the â€Å"other† . Section two sheds light on postcolonial theater and how it is used to counter colonialism. Chapter Two is divided into four subdivisions. Each subdivision discusses a postcolonial drama written in English. The dramas selected are: Wole Soyinka s The Swamp Dwellers, Derek Walcott s The Sea at Dauphin, Athol Fugard s The Island, and Brian Friel s Translations. Chapter Three is besides divided into four subdivisions and in each subdivision one drama written in Arabic is discussed. The dramas selected for survey are: Sadun Al-Ubeidy s Jisr Al-Adu, Sabah Atwan Al-Zaidy s Raseef Al-Ghathab, Alfred Faraj s Al-Nar Washington Al-Zaitun, and Bneian Salih s Sirat S. Chapter Four attempts to demo the similarities/differences between the dramas discussed. The decision sums up the findings of the survey. Working Bibliography: Primary Mentions: Al-Ubeidy, Sadun. 1965. Jisr Al-Adu. Baghdad: Al-Shaab Printing Press. Al-Zaidy, Sabah Atwan. 1975. Raseef Al-Ghathab. Unpublished drama. Faraj, Alfred. 1970. Al-Nar wa Al-Zaitun. Cairo: Dar Al-Maarif Al-Masriya. Friel, Brian. 1981. Translations. London and Boston: Faber and Faber.Fugard, Athol. 1993. The Road to Mecca. ? : Theatre Communications Group. Salih, Bneian. Sirat S. Soyinka, Wole. 2002. Death and the King s Horseman. ? : W. W. Norton A ; Company. Walcott, Derek. 1971. Dream on Monkey Mountain. ? : Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Secondary Mentions: 1. Books: Abrams, M. H. 1993. A Glossary of Literary Footings. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers. Acharya, Pandit Shriram Sharma. 2000. Super Science of Gayatri. Trans. Satya Narayan Pandya. Shantikunj, Haridwar: Yugantar Chetna Press. Ashcroft, Bill and Pal Ahluwalia. 2008. Edward Said. Oxford and New York: Taylor and Francis e-Library. Ashcroft, Bill, Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin ( explosive detection systems. ) 1995. The Post-Colonial Studies Reader: The Key Concepts. London and New York: Routledge. Baldick, Chris. 2001. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Footings. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Baugh, Edward. 2006. Derek Walcott. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Boehmer, Elleke. 2005. Colonial and Postcolonial Literatures. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Borch, Merete Falck et Al. 2008. Bodies and Voices: The Force-Field of Representation and Discourse in Colonial and Postcolonial Studies. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi. Burnett, Paula. 2000. Derek Walcott: Politicss and Poetics. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. Chambers, Iain and Lidia Curti ( explosive detection systems. ) 1996. The Post-Colonial Question: Common Skies, Divided Horizons. London and New York: Routledge. Childs, Peter and Roger Fowler. 2006. The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Footings. London and New York: Routledge. Cooper, Frederick. 2005. Colonialism in Question, Theory, Knowledge, History. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Cuddon, J. A. 1998. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Footings and Literary Theory. Middlesex: Penguin Books. Daiya, Kavita. 2008. Violent Properties: Partition, Gender, and National Culture in Postcolonial India. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Deena, Seodial. 1997. â€Å"Colonial and Canonic Control over Third World Writers.† In Postcolonial Discourse: A Study of Contemporary Literature, edited by R. K. Dhawan, 78-112. New Delhi: Prestige Books. Donnell, Alison. 2006. Twentieth-Century Caribbean Literature. London and New York: Routledge. Doring, Tobias. n. d. Caribbean-English Passages: Intertextuality in a Postcolonial Tradition. London and New York: Routledge. Ford, Clyde W. 1999. The Hero with an African Face: Mythic Wisdom of Traditional Africa. New York: Bantam Books. J. Ellen Gainor ( ed. ) 1995. Imperialism and Theatre: Essaies on World Theatre, Drama and Performance. London and New York: Routledge. Gandhi, Leela. 1998. Postcolonial Theory: A Critical Introduction. St. Leonards, N.S.W. : Allen and Unwin. Gilbert, Helen and Joanne Tompkins. 1996. Postcolonial Play: Theory, Practice, Politics. London and New York: Routledge. Howe, Stephen. 1998. Afrocentrism, Mythical Pasts and Imagined Homes. London and New York: Verso. Hudddart, David. 2006. Homi K. Bhabha. London and New York Routledge. Itwaru, Harrichand. 1997. â€Å"Colonialism and Literature.† In Postcolonial Discourse: A Study of Contemporary Literature, edited by R. K. Dhawan, 7-17. New Delhi: Prestige Books. Jeyifo, Biodun. 2004. Wole Soyinka: Politicss, Poetics and Postcolonialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Joseph, May and Jennifer Natalya Fink ( explosive detection systems. ) 1999. Performing Hybridity. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press. Lionett, Francoise. 1995. Postcolonial Representations: Womans, Literature, Identity. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. Loomba, Ania. 2000. Colonialism/Postcolonialism. London and New York: Routledge. McGrath, F. C. 1999. Brian Friel s ( Post ) Colonial Drama: Language, Illusion, and Politics. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. McLeod, John ( ed. ) 2007. The Routledge Companion to Postcolonial Studies. London and New York: Routledge. Mohanram, Radhika and Gita Rajan. 1996. English Postcoloniality: Literatures from Around the World. Westport, Connecticut and London: Greenwood Press. Natarajan, Nalini. 1996. Handbook of Twentieth-Century Literatures of India. Westport, Connecticut and London: Greenwood Press. Olaniyan, Tejumola. 1995. Scars of Conquest/Masks of Resistance: The Invention of Cultural Identities in African, African-American, and Caribbean Drama. New York and Oxford: OUP. Parekh, Pushpa Naidu and Siga Fatima Jagne ( explosive detection systems. ) 1998. Postcolonial African Writers: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. Parry, Benita. 2004. Postcolonial Studies: A Materialist Critique. London and New York: Routledge. Poddar, Prem, Rajeev S. Patke and Lars Jensen ( explosive detection systems. ) 2008. A Historical Companion to Postcolonial Literatures Continental Europe and its Empires. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Pousse, Michel. 1999. â€Å"Anticipating Post-Colonialism: The ‘Trio in the Thirties.† In Writing in a Post-Colonial Space, edited by Surya Nath Pandey, 10-23. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. Prabhu, Anjali. 2007. Hybridity, Limits, Transformations, Prospects. Capital of new york: State University of New York. Ray, Sangeeta. 2009. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, In Other Words. West Sussex: John Wiley and Sons. Richards, Shaun. 2004. The Cambridge Companion to Twentieth-Century Irish Drama. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Rosello, Mireille. 1995. Practices of Hybridity. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Roy, Parama. 1998. Indian Traffic: Identities in Question in Colonial and Postcolonial India. Berkeley: University of California Press. Said, Edward. 1977. Oriental studies. London: Penguin Books. . 1993. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Vintage Books. Schwarz, Henry and Sangeeta Raya ( explosive detection systems. ) 2005. Companion to Postcolonial Studies. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Shands, Kerstin W. 2008. Neither East Nor West: Postcolonial Essaies on Literature, Culture and Religion. Huddinge: Sodertorns hogskola. Smith, Rowland. 2000. Postcolonizing the Commonwealth Studies in Literature and Culture. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. In Other Universes: Essaies in Cultural Politics. New York and London: Methuen, neodymium. Talib, Ismail S. 2002. The Language of Postcolonial Literatures: An Introduction. London and New York: Routledge. Venkataraman, G. 1994. Bhabha and His Compulsions. Hyderabad: University Press. Articles: Garuba, Harry. 2001. The Island Writes Back: Discourse/Power and Marginality in Wole Soyinka s The Swamp Dwellers, Derek Walcott s The Sea at Dauphin, and Athol Fugard s The Island . Research in African Literatures 32, no. 4 ( Winter ) : 61-76. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jstor.org/stable/3820807 ( accessed: 08/11/2009 ) . Olaniyan, Tejumola. 1992. Dramatizing Postcoloniality: Wole Soyinka and Derek Walcott. Theatre Journal 44, no. 4, Disciplines of Theatre: Theory/Culture/Text ( Dec. ) : 485-499. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jstor.org/stable/3208770 ( accessed 08/11/2009 ) . Boltwood, Scott. 2002. Brian Friel: Staging the Struggle with Nationalism. Irish University Review 32, no. 2 ( Autumn Winter ) : 303-318. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jstor.org/stable/25504911 ( accessed: 09/11/2009 ) .

Analysis Movie Amadeus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Analysis Movie Amadeus - Essay Example Amadeus tells the story of the great musician, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. It is narrated by his rival, Antonio Salieri. His story is a flashback to the events of his acquaintance with the young prodigy who was well-spoken of in the field of music. Mozart was considered a genius, performing in the presence of kings, emperors and the pope while Salieri was still playing common games with his equally pauper friends. As Salieri grew, he became more and more passionate with music but his father did not share the same dreams that he had. Fortunately, at least for the young Salieri, his father died and as fate would have it, the orphan was adopted and educated in Vienna, rising to the position of court composer. Salieri first encounters his mischievous contender at a performance for the prince archbishop of Salzburg where Salieri finds out that his rival is actually an immature and reckless person. His contention towards the young musician grew stronger as the two are finally formally introduced in the emperor’s palace. Salieri, the court composer produced a marching piece for Mozart’s entrance as he was invited to the palace. Later, Mozart plays it without a copy and even suggests some revisions for the music in front of the emperor and his guests. This starts Salieri’s jealousy toward Mozart and his enmity with God. He then uses his position to influence the emperor and other officials of the court in order to stagnate Mozart’s career. Consequently, Mozart and his family suffered financially and the musician slowly became a drunkard. Mozart’s depression further worsened when his father died and his health deteriorated. With his vice and financial troubles, Mozart’s wife, Constance, finally leaves with their son. The genius still continued with his works but his health progressively worsened until he finally collapsed during his last opera. Salieri was there to

This is a medical law problem question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

This is a medical law problem question - Essay Example She breached that duty of care by acting in a manner inconsistent with the reasonable standard of care which caused Paulo to suffer injury as a result of her breach of the duty of care. She knows that it is mandatory to obtain the valid consent of the patient before any medical or surgical treatment is performed on the patient. Hence, she must also be made liable for the damages, together with the doctor for the injury sustained by Paulo. The hospital also has a vicarious liability for the tort of battery and negligence committed by their doctor and nurse. As their employers, the hospital can be sued in the event their employees cannot compensate Paulo for the damage caused to him. Under the law, Paulo has the right to sue the hospital, and in return, the hospital has the obligation to compensate Paulo for the unsafe medical practice committed against him. Paulo should also file a case for negligence and damages against Doc Torr for his failure to warn him of the risks and side-effec ts of the surgical treatment before the actual operation. Clearly, there was a breach of duty on the part of the doctor for failure to inform his patient that there is a 0.5% possibility that he will lose his voice. Such material fact should be made known to the patient since the doctor knows that the patient is an opera singer by profession. Paulo has the right to request for his health record, â€Å"which consists of information relating to the physical or mental health or condition of an individual made by a health professional in connection to his care†( BMA Ethics). Before a medical practitioner examines and/or treats a patient, a valid consent must be given by the patient. If the said doctor proceeds with the examination without obtaining consent from the patient, whether express or implied, and done against that person’s will and without any statutory authority to do so, that surgeon may incur civil liability for violation of the tort of trespass against the per son and criminal liability in accordance with the provisions of Offences Against the Person Act of 1861. The truth is that most cases covered by this area are brought about due to negligence as the cause of action in the tort or damage committed by the doctor. However, in order for the action to prosper, the claimant must show proof that a valid consent from the patient to allow the medical treatment was absent. In this case, no valid consent was obtained by Dr. Torr from his patient Paulo. Thus, the doctor is liable for negligence. The term â€Å"consent† was best described in the case of Cardozo J, Schoelendorff v New York Hospital which provides: â€Å"Every human being of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done with his own body.1† While in the case of F V West Berkshire Health Authority, Lord Goff has stated that: â€Å"Every human being of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done with his own body†. 2 In the case at bar, Paulo is an adult who has the capacity to give consent to the medical treatment that will be done to his own body. The requirement of consent to treatment reflects the basic right to self-determination. The act of Doc Torr makes him liable for two things: 1.) Failure to obtain a valid consent from his client; and 2.)Non-disclosure of the vital information of inherent risk

Construction and De-construction of Race Essay Example for Free

Construction and De-construction of Race Essay Races exist. They are everywhere in the world. In our history classes, we have discussed the existence of Caucasians, Mongoloids, Negroes, etc. The members of each racial group have common characteristics that make them distinct from other groups. However, in the quest to understand better the human variations across races, professionals from various fields – medicine, biology, anthropology, etc – have conducted studies to prove, or disprove, the existence of races in the scientific sense. In Modern Human Variation: An Introduction to Contemporary Human Biological Diversity , three models of human classification were discussed. First is the typological model which â€Å"focuses on a small number of traits that are readily observable from a distance such as skin color, hair form, body build, and stature. † Diamond (1994) gives truth to this, citing that â€Å"all native Swedes differ from all native Nigerians in appearance† and that one race cannot be mistaken with the other. However, Diamond also argued that â€Å"there are many different, equally valid procedures for defining races, and those different procedures yield very different classifications. † He further discussed other studies in which the differing geographical locations of humans contribute to their varying human traits. Factors such as survival and sexual selection, and a third possible explanation which is no function at all, were considered in human classification. Again, inconsistencies of this theory were later discovered, showing evidences that â€Å"among topical peoples, anthropologists love to stress the dark skins of African blacks, people of the southern Indian peninsula, and New Guineans and love to forget the pale skins of Amazonian Indians and Southeast Asians living at the same latitudes† (Diamond, 2004). With these contentions, the typological model is contradicted. On the other hand, the population model â€Å"looks for breeding populations first and then considers the anatomical and physiological traits that may distinguish them. † This means looking into a single group where members mate only with people within the group. The same article discussed, however, that with the relatively convenient means of intercontinental travel, intermixture of humanity has emerged, thus making the population model relatively ambiguous in the study of human variation today. The third model, the clinal model, â€Å"is based on the fact that genetically inherited traits most often change gradually in frequency from one geographic area to another. † With this framework, the clinal model may seem to be the soundest theory on human classification. However, it cannot be fully relied on since â€Å"the distribution of some traits is partly discontinuous†¦ these can be understood as results of historical migrations or exclusive breeding within more or less closed communities. † We have tried to construct races through scientific studies but failed to establish its exact definition. This brings us back to again to the crux of our contention. Do races exist? Yes, they do. People from all over the world have been grouped based on their physical characteristics, culture, religion, ethnicity, and other factors. Groups were given names so that individuals can easily identify in which group they belong. This is how lay humans understand the word â€Å"race† today. The concept has been constructed to satisfy the human need for order. But as Goodman (2005) puts it, â€Å"race is not a mere social construct, but as a lived experience has devastatingly real effects. † The construction of race led to the emergence of racial discrimination, making some â€Å"races† assume superiority over others. With this assumption, people of the â€Å"superior race† consequently assumed power over the â€Å"minorities†. The political advantage of the â€Å"superior race† gave way for them to gain more access to resources and wealth. Discrimination further reached the social sphere, with the â€Å"minorities† being labeled as the â€Å"ugly† people since their physical traits differ, most of the time in the opposite manner, from those of the â€Å"superior race†. Looking back through world history, our books tell us stories of some â€Å"races† (e. g. Africans) who were enslaved by the â€Å"superior races† during the earlier times. At present, racism still exists in the form of prejudice to certain â€Å"races† that have been generalized to possess certain characteristics. In Asia, the revolt of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) has caused prejudice against Muslims in most parts of the world, generalizing these people as terrorists. Accordingly, the social construction of races have inflicted numerous, and perhaps even millions, of incidents of social injustice worldwide. Then again, combining the clinal and population models, Keita et al (2004) contend that â€Å"the nonexistence of ‘races’ or subspecies in modern humans does not preclude substantial genetic variation that may be localized to regions or populations. † The authors cited a recent study on the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human genome, which can â€Å"make forensic distinctions possible even within restricted regions such as Scandinavia. † It was however clarified that â€Å"because this identification is possible does not mean that there is a level of differentiation equal to ‘races’. † We cannot totally negate the scientific studies conducted and currently being conducted on human biological variation. These studies, as in the point of view of Keita et al have policy implications for health studies. While Keita et al advocate for more refined and detailed study on human biological variation, Goodman is also supported in his position to â€Å"call for a new vocabulary and concepts† to study the same. This way, the widely-known concept of race may be de-constructed. Difference in skin color, hair form, body build, religion, culture, ethnicity, and others, does not make an individual less of a human, and as such these characteristics should not be seen as barriers to social justice.

The Power of Sympathy Essay -- Literary Analysis, William Hill Brown

In the novel, The Power of Sympathy by William Hill Brown, there is a contrast between the opposing ideas of sentiment and reason. Characters in the text play to this underlying contrast and are affected by the polar ideas, ultimately resulting in the taking of their own lives. These acts of suicide results from a detachment, or ignorance, of reason. When overcome by emotional misery of sentiment, reason may, for however long a period, become lost or inferior to overbearing ideas of sentimental thoughts directed toward one's death. Bearing the pain of one's own reason leads one to direct their actions by means of sentimental reasoning. The story of Ophelia, as told by Harriot, depicts the reasonable daughter of Shepard becoming lost to the sentimental thoughts of suicide. While rationally stating her argument to her father, she claims to be speaking with the intention to â€Å"demonstrate the sincerity of her repentance† (39) and regain the peace that was once within her home. She recognized that she was wrong in her action, claiming that â€Å"All...are not blest with the like happiness of resisting temptation† (39) and she wished to display her sincerity with this confession. The transition from reasonable to melancholy occurs when her father rejects the notion of Ophelia's confession, her â€Å"sensibility became more exquisite† (39) indicating that her sensibility came from the attempt to make things right with her family; however, the attempt failed and she lost her rational thought. The emotional part of Ophelia became stronger as her repentance was rejected; reason had failed her, her family was not influenced by her words. There is a drastic leap to conduct that â€Å"bordered upon insanity† (40), a lack of sane and rational thought th... ... reason. When the character remains reasonable, they face an inner pain, whether it be guilt, passion or confusion. Rather than suffer with this pain, the characters abandon reason and succumb to the overbearing strength of emotion. Ophelia, reasonable despite being unforgiven, loses her sanity to emotional melancholy and ends her life with poison. Harriot, who was just before owner her virtue, gave her life away to passion thinking that reason is unable to aid suffering in patience. And Harrington, who makes no attempt to reclaim his clear mind, is driven to death because he fails to direct his thoughts elsewhere, even when urged to. The sentimental forces in this novel initiate a thought of suicide. The characters develop the thoughts individually, yet all give in to the powers of passion due to their lost sense of reason and overbearing sentimental thoughts.

The Program Design and Evaluation Process

This article will address the data collection of aggressive behavior incidents at Pathway High School. We will address several different data collections and measurements to the following subjects: The occurrences of aggressive behavior incidents reported before and after a program implementation, the data and success rate on the behavior correction procedures in the classroom by teachers and the success rate to the implementation of the School-Wide Positive Behavioral Support (SWPBS) program, within Pathway High SchoolWe will use the already recorded data from our Spreadsheet (Kaplan University, 2013) in comparing the measurements and success rates of our implemented program.Figure 1: The purpose of this data requirement is to implement an affective program to decrease the student’s aggressive behavior incidents at Pathway High School. The quantitative data collection is used for this kind of measurement and data collection, because the distribution of variables can be genera lized to entire population (Dawson, C., 2002). In this case we will concentrate on the aggressive behavior of the students and the measurements of occurrences of the aggressive behavior of students, with the focus to decrease the number of aggressive behavior of the students.The occurrence of aggressive behavior incidents reported before the implemented program started was reported to the following: In September the  aggressive behavior incidents occurred 248 times. In October it went to 262 times and for November the behavior incidents occurred 275 times. This brings the aggressive behavior incidents, within the 3 month time scale, to the number of: 785 aggressive behavior incidents.After the program implementation began in December and was concluded in May. The behavior incident number indicates a decline of aggressive behavior in December with the number of 225, followed by decreasing numbers for January > 198, February > 144, March > 127, April > 99 and May > 83. The graph ind icates a significant decline in the aggressive behavior incidents, within the time of 5 month after the program was implemented in the number of 702 less incidents within 5 month. 785 > 3 month – 83 in May, after implementation of program for 5 month = 702 less incidents by May (Spreadsheet Kaplan University, 2013).This collected data will indicate that the program was successful because the aggressive behavior incidents of students declined, once the program implementation has started.Figure 2The purpose of this data requirement is to measure the impact of the program on behavior correction procedures in the classroom by teachers. In the collection of the impact of the program to behavior correction in the classroom by teachers, the quantitative data collection is used to measure and collect the results of the implicating program. This is measured to the following:Before implementation of program465 div. by 8 = 58.125 = meanTotal number of teachers A – H = 8 Total num ber before implementation of program = 465 Mean before program implementation is = 58.125 Mean is 58.125After implementation of program530 div. by 8 = 66.25 = meanTotal number of teachers A – H = 8 Total number after implementation of program = 530 Mean after program implementation of program = 66.25 Mean is 66.26 (Spreadsheet Kaplan University, 2013)Since the mean before implementation of the program is lower 58.125 then the mean after implementation of the program 66.25, then this would indicate the implementation of the program may have failed or provided little impact to the behavior correction procedures in the classroom, conducted by teachers.Figure 3The purpose of this data requirement is to rate the students satisfactory school experience before and after the SWPBS program was implemented. The data is recorded in the calculated measures of percentage and the quantitative data collection is used within this requirement.The data collection brings forth the following mea sures: Before the program started, the students satisfactory rate within their school experience provided the data of the highest level = 0 = 0% and the lowest level = 70 = 31%.After the program was implicated for three (3) month, the students satisfactory rate within their school experience provided the information of an increase, within the highest level = 15 = 6.6 = 7% and the lowest level = 25 = 11%.Six (6) months after program started, the student’s satisfactory rate within their school experience showed a significant increase in the highest level = 15 = 6.6 = 7% and significant decrease in the Lowest level = 10 = 4.4†¦ = 4% (Spreadsheet Kaplan University, 2013).These measures and data collection provides the information of the success to the implicated SWPBS program.The follow up on all of the collected data and the evaluation of the follow up, provides us with the feedback on results, accomplishments, or impacts on the students behavior by the program implementati on. In addition it will provide us information about the effectiveness and the appropriateness of the implemented program (Kettner, P. 2012).

Causes and Effects of Gender Inequality - Essay - 1544 Words

Thao Nguyen English 101 Mr. Merchant October 19, 2012 Essay #2 Causes and Effects of Gender Inequality Throughout history, countless acts of gender inequality can be identified; the causes of these discriminating accounts can be traced back to different causes. The general morality of the inequity relies on a belief that men are superior to women; because of this idea, women have spent generations suffering under their counterparts. Also, a common expectation is that men tend to be more assertive and absolute because of their biological hormones or instinctive intellect. Another huge origin is sexual discrimination; even in the world today, many women are viewed by men as just sex objects rather than a real human being with†¦show more content†¦Although they have been given more rights and equality, women still lack fairness in areas such as education, domestic abuse, crime, and lower class value. Cassandra Clifford states in her article â€Å"Are Girls still marginalized? Discrimination and Gender Inequality in Today’s Societyà ¢â‚¬ , â€Å"Woman and girls are abused by their husbands and fathers, young girls are exploited by sex tourism and trafficking, girls in many countries are forced into arranged marriages at early ages. Twice as many women are illiterate as men, due to the large gap in education, and girls are still less likely to get jobs and excel in the work place than boys.† She describes some of the issues that women face today around the world. These issues are what keep society from coming together to form a better world. Today, women have more rights than ever before, but the belief of male has resulted in a never ending convention toward women. This leads to predetermined thought from younger girls that they must become inferior. Clifford states in her article, â€Å"Children look first to their own parents for examples and inspiration, therefore when a child see their mother living a life of inequality, the cycle often continues as girls feel there is no alternative for themselves.† When younger girls see their mother or any woman submitting to the standard, they feel they must do the same. An effect on men is that they have to live up to theShow MoreRelatedGender Equality Essay1069 Words   |  5 Pagestogether to be equal but that is far from true. No Im not talking about the inequality of people based off of race or background, the grouping of sex is the issue here. From the beginning of time till now, cultural practices have formed these boundaries. There has always been a separation of males and females and the way they are raised and taught even to what occupations they take on. Over time these became a set of gender boundaries. I believe that this behavior and way of thinking can over timeRead MoreThe Inequality Of People Based Off Of Race1369 Words   |  6 Pagesabout the inequality of people based off of race or background, the grouping of sex is the issue here. From the beginning of time till now, cultural practices have formed these boundaries. There has always been a separation of males and females and the way they are raised and taught even to what occupations they take on. Boys are thought to be strong, be the man of the family and girls are thought to act like a woman, give a man whatever he wants. Over time these became a set of gender boundariesRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Tuberculosis, Kenya, Uganda And The Democratic Republic Of The Congo1665 Words   |  7 Pagesareas. This essay will focus on Sub-Saharan Africa, an area with a wide proportion of resource poor settings. WHO (2015d) estimated around 3.2million people in Africa to have TB, with a mortality rate of 450,000. 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